Nucleic Acid Hybridization: Standard buffer for Southern, Northern, and dot blot hybridizations; used to set and adjust stringency.

Post-Hybridization Washing: Employed for controlled stringency washes in Southern/Northern blots and microarrays.

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH): Provides ionic strength during probe hybridization and wash steps.

Prehybridization/Blocking: Pre-equilibrates membranes to minimize nonspecific probe binding.

Capillary Transfer for Blotting: Supports DNA/RNA transfer from agarose gels to membranes.

Colony and Plaque Lifts: Wetting and processing of membrane lifts for nucleic acid screening.

Probe Preparation and Dilution: Dilution/resuspension of DNA/RNA probes at defined ionic strength.

Microarray Spotting and Storage: Diluent for oligonucleotide spotting and short-term probe storage.

Stringency Titration: Preparation of 2X/1X/0.5X SSC dilutions to fine-tune hybridization conditions.